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Utilizing Different DNA Testing Methods
Utilizing Different DNA Testing Methods
Order ID 53563633773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Utilizing Different DNA Testing Methods
As you study DNA, you find that every person’s DNA is different from another’s. Identical twins are the only people whose DNA is the same. Consider your parents and your siblings. Even though your brother and your sister have the same parents, it is unlikely that you look exactly like them unless you are identical twins. You may have common features, and you will all share common DNA among yourselves, but only identical twins will have the exact same DNA. DNA testing is used for many reasons such as the following:
Identify potential suspects whose DNA may match evidence left at crime scenes
Exonerate persons wrongly accused
Match organ donors
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 4–5 pages:
In your first case, you have been asked to list and explain the steps that you would use to identify and analyze DNA from a person who has been in prison for 10 years. The results of your test may exonerate the person.
Once the physical evidence has been delivered to the forensics lab, what is the process of identifying DNA? Be specific, and explain in detail.
Consider that the evidence is over 10-years old.
Once the DNA evidence has been identified, what is the process of analyzing the DNA? Be specific, and explain in detail.
What challenges exist that can make your analysis inadmissible in court? Explain.
How are tissue matches made? Explain.
Why is it important to utilize different DNA testing methods? Explain.
Why is it that some methods may be preferred over others? Explain.
Other than forensic uses, DNA testing is essential in paternity testing.
What are the steps used to carry out a paternity test? Explain in detail.
Why might the results of a paternity test be significant in a court case? Explain.
Be sure to provide in-text citation and reference all sources using APA style.
Course Design GuideCollege of Criminal Justice and Security CJA/344 Version 3
Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice
Copyright © 2012, 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
Course Description
This course offers a comprehensive, critical and balanced examination of the issues of crime and justice with respect to ethnicity. Procedures and policy in a pluralistic and multicultural society are examined relative to law enforcement, courts and corrections environments.
Policies
Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents:
- University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document.
- Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum.
University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality.
Course Materials
The Criminology and Criminal Justice Collective of Northern Arizona University. (2009). Investigating difference: Human and cultural relations in criminal justice (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
McNamara, R., & Burns, R. (2009). Multiculturalism in the criminal justice system. New York, NY: McGraw- Hill.
All electronic materials are available on the student website.
Week One: Ethnicity, Social Structure, and Crime Victims and Offenders
Details
Due
Points
Objectives
1.1 Describe how the historical development of policing relates to current concerns regarding multiculturalism.
1.2 Interpret victimization, offender rates, and statistical data for different ethnic groups.
1.3 Describe the history of gangs and their influence on youth.
1.4 Describe the occurrence of hate crimes on people of various ethnicities, socioeconomic statuses, and sexual orientations.
1.5 Explain the relationship between police and people of various ethnicities, socioeconomic statuses, and sexual orientations.
1.6 Explain the factors related to ethnicity and socioeconomic
statuses that lead to disparity in the criminal justice system.
Week 1 Tues
12/03/2013
Reading
Read the Week One Read Me First.
Reading
Read Ch. 1 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 2 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 8 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 3 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read Ch. 5 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read Ch. 7 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read Ch. 14 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings.
Participation
Participate in class discussion.
Participation in class discussions 3 out of 7 Days.
3
Discussion Questions/Weekly Summary
Respond to weekly discussion questions. Submit Week 1 Summary
DQ 1 Thursday Day
3 (12/05/2013); DQ 2 Sat Day 5 (12/07/2013). Weekly Summary Mon Day 7 (12/09/2013)
6
Learning Team Instructions Panel Discussion Presentation (Preparation)
Choose a topic from the following options concerning the dynamics of race, the police, and the community for your panel discussion:
• Racial profiling by police
• Influence of police leadership on racial disparity and discrimination
• Effect of police brutality on ethnic minority victims, family, and community
• Response of government officials to racial and ethnic issues
Consider using Opposing Viewpoints in Context as a source for your articles, which is located in University Library under Specialized Resources. Use the Quick Search function to locate articles on your selected topic. . DO NOT COPY AND PASTE THE ARTICLES TO THE LEARNING TEAM FORUM.
Review three to five articles pertaining to your topic.
Begin working on your Panel Discussion Presentation, due in
Week Two.
Week 1
Individual
Police Influence on
Society
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper that describes how the historical development of policing in the United States relates to the current relationship between police and different ethnic groups and social
Mon, Day 7, (12/09/2013)
10
classes.
Support your discussion with examples from law enforcement practices, court procedures, corrections populations, or all three.
Use at least two peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly (peer-review) journals. Web sites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement. Properly cite your references/resources in APA format.
Format your essay consistent with APA guidelines.
Week Two: Ethnicity and the Police Details
Due
Points
Objectives
2.1 Analyze public opinion about the police.
2.2 Identify contemporary concerns relative to policing particular ethnic communities.
2.3 Examine how police practices affect police–community relations.
2.4 Explain officer attitudes, police corruption, and citizen complaints relative to ethnicity.
Week 2
Reading
Read the Week Two Read Me First.
Reading
Read Ch. 3 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 10 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Review Ch. 2 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings.
Participation
Participate in class discussion.
Participation in class discussions 3 out of 7 Days.
3
Discussion Questions/Weekly Summary
Respond to weekly discussion questions. Submit Week 2
Assignment
DQ 1 Thu Day
3 (12/12/2013) DQ 2 Sat Day 5 (10/14/2013). Weekly Summary Mon, Day 7 (12/16/2013)
6
Nongraded Activities and Preparation Gangs and Law
Resource: “The End of the Line: California Gangs and the Promise of Street Peace” article located in this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings
Week 2
Enforcement
Read the article and be prepared to discuss the history of California gangs, the relationship with current gang warfare, and law enforcement’s role in gang suppression.
Individual Ethnicity and the Police Part I: Annotated bibliography
Resource: University of Phoenix Material: Ethnicity and the Police located on the student website
Choose one of the following topics:
• Race and contemporary concerns relative to policing particular ethnic communities
• Public opinion of police by different ethnic groups
• Police practices and police community relations
• Police corruption and citizen complaints relative to ethnicity
Form an opinion on the selected topic.
Locate and identify at least three references from peer-reviewed journals published within the last six years to support your opinion.
Prepare an annotated bibliography (see the Course Forum for information on Annotated Bibliography and the format) of your newspaper article, speech, or podcast due in Week Four that examines your selected topic. Include at least one contemporary event within the last ten years as an example to illustrate the main points. Your Week 4 assignment will be for a newspaper
article, speech, or podcast. If you decide on the newspaper article or the speech, you must use APA 6th format. If you use podcast, please limit to 10 minutes. Also, for podcast—post your references to the Assignment Section in addition to your podcast.
You must state in your paper your option: newspaper article, speech, or podcast
Format your annotated bibliography and references consistent with
APA guidelines.
Submit your annotated bibliography, including the reference page.
Day 7, Mon
(12/16/2013)
3
Learning Team Panel Discussion Presentation
Choose one team member who will serve as a moderator. The remaining team members will serve as panelists.
The moderator summarizes the key points of the articles selected by the team in Week One and comes up with at least five questions to ask about the articles.
• The panelists will answer the moderator’s questions. Each question asked by the moderator must be answered by every panelist to ensure a wide variety of opinions.
• Then, the moderator should facilitate a brief discussion
Day 6, Sun
(12/15/2013)
5
related to the team members’ responses to the questions.
Tip: Using a Thread for each question helps organized the discussions.
Submit a reflection summary of the team discussion.
Choose to write a 350- to 700-word paper or to create a 5- to 7- slide Microsoft® Power Point® presentation with speaker notes with 200-300 words for each slide.
Note: see the Course Policies regarding pictures, graphs and tables in your PowerPoint presentations.
Include the following in your paper or presentation:
• Who played what role
• A brief summary of the articles. You can use annotate bibliography format. See Course Materials for information on annotate bibliography
• A list of the questions asked by the moderator
• A brief summary of the panel discussion and your reactions to the articles
• A reference page
Week Three: Ethnicity and the Courts Details
Due
Points
Objectives
3.1 Summarize the effect of ethnicity on courtroom proceedings.
3.2 Identify disparity and discrimination issues in courtroom proceedings.
3.3 Explain the need for diversity among courtroom personnel and whether ethnicity influences judicial practices.
3.4 Evaluate the efficacy of jury nullification when premised on ethnic considerations.
Week 3
Readings
Read the Week Three Read Me First.
Reading
Read Ch. 11 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 18 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Review Ch. 3 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings.
Participation
Participate in class discussion.
Participation in class discussions 3 out of 7 Days. 3
Discussion Questions/Weekly Summary
Respond to weekly discussion questions. Submit Week 3 Summary
DQ 1 Day 3, Thu (12/19/2013);
6
DQ 2 Day 5, Sat (12/21/2013). Weekly Summary
Day 7 Mon
(12/23/2013)
Individual Ethnicity and the Police (Preparation)
Continue working on your assignment due in Week 4.
Learning Team Instructions Ethnicity and Corrections (Preparation)
Begin working on the Ethnicity and Corrections assignment, due in Week
Four.
Learning Team
Assignment
Jury Nullification
Paper
Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you address the following:
• Explain whether ethnicity influences courtroom proceedings and judicial practices.
• Summarize the arguments for and against ethnicity-based jury nullification.
• Include contemporary examples (within the last 10 years) of ethnicity-based jury nullification. Note: you can use news articles]
• Conclude by choosing a position for or against ethnicity-based jury nullification and defend your decision.
Use at least three peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly journals. Websites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines..
Day 6, Sun
(12/22/2013)
10
Week Four: Ethnicity and Corrections Details
Due
Points
Objectives
4.1 Describe the issue of ethnic disparity and discrimination within corrections.
4.2 Identify the significance of cultural diversity as it relates to correctional facilities.
4.3 Explain ethnic disparity issues as they relate to the juvenile justice system.
4.4 Analyze the prevalence of wrongful convictions in the United States.
Week 4
Reading
Read the Week Four Read Me First.
Reading
Read Ch. 12 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Read Ch. 19 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Review Ch. 14 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings.
Participation
Participate in class discussion.
Participation in class discussions 3 out of 7
Days.
3
Discussion Questions/Weekly Summary
Respond to weekly discussion questions. Submit Week 4 Summary
DQ 1 Day 3. Thur (01/09/2014); DQ 2 Day 5, Sat (01/11/2014); Weekly Summary Mon Day 7 (01/13/2014)
6
Learning Team Instructions Contemporary Cultural Diversity Issues (Preparation)
Begin working on the Contemporary Cultural Diversity Issues assignment, due in Week Five.
Individual Ethnicity and the Police Part II: Final Deliverable
For this assignment, you will choose from the following options:
• Option 1: Newspaper Article
• Option 2: Speech
• Option 3: Podcast
Read the instructions in the University of Phoenix Material: Ethnicity and the Police on the student website and select one option to complete the assignment. You must adhere to the UoPX Student Code of Conduct. For example, do not use profanity, inappropriate language, gestures or unprofessional formats in your assignment.
Use at least three peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly journals. Websites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement. You should use your peer-review sources from your Week 2 Individual assignment.
Day 7, Mon
(01/13/2014)
10
Learning Team Ethnicity and Corrections
Research one of the following ethnicity and corrections case studies:
• The Stanford Prison Experiment
• California’s race-based lockdowns
• Attica Prison riot
• Farmer v. Brennan, et al.
Day 6, Sun
(01/12/2014)
10
Present the significance of cultural diversity as it relates to correctional facilities using your selected case as an example.
Summarize ethnic disparity and discrimination within corrections.
Create a 10- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation of your findings.
Note: see the Course Policies regarding pictures, graphs and tables in your PowerPoint presentations.
Include detailed speaker notes with 200-300 words for each slide.
Use at least three peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly journals. Websites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement.
Format your presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
Week Five: Contemporary Cultural Diversity Issues in Criminal Justice Details Due Points Objectives
5.1 Assess whether the criminal justice system discriminates against any group.
5.2 Identify contemporary issues related to disparity and discrimination in the criminal justice system.
5.3 Assess the criminal justice system’s response to the public’s perception of ethnic and gender bias.
Reading
Read the Week Five Read Me First.
Reading
Read Ch. 20 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Review Ch. 3 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Review Ch. 11 of Multiculturalism in the Criminal Justice System.
Reading
Review Ch. 18 of Investigating Difference.
Reading
Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings.
Participation
No Participate Requirement in Week 5.
Discussion
Questions
No Discussion Questions and Weekly Summary in Week 5.
Individual Cultural Diversity Training
Search the Internet for an example from the past 2 years of a contemporary cultural diversity issue in criminal justice.
Create a short training for criminal-justice-system employees that will improve the relationship between the criminal justice system and the
Day 7, Mon
(01/20/2014)
10
community, based on the example you selected.
Create a 10- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation of your proposed training.
Include detailed speaker notes with 200-300 words for each slide.
Use at least three peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly journals. Websites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement.
Note: see the Course Policies regarding pictures, graphs and tables in your PowerPoint presentations.
Format your presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
Learning Team Contemporary Cultural Diversity Issues
Presentation
Create a 10- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation based on the two following topics:
• The criminal justice system’s response to the public’s perception of ethnic and gender bias
• The arguments for and against the contention that the criminal justice system discriminates against racial and ethnic minority groups
Address the following in your presentation:
• The criminal justice system’s response to the public’s perception of ethnic and gender bias
• Whether the criminal justice system discriminates against any group
• A contemporary issue or event related to each of the two topics to support your arguments
Include detailed speaker notes of 200-300 words for each slide.
Use at least three peer-review sources published within the last six years from scholarly journals. Websites will not count towards scholarly journals requirement.
Note: see the Course Policies regarding pictures, graphs and tables in your PowerPoint presentations.
Format your presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
Day 6, Sun, (01/19/2014)
10
Copyright
University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United
States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation.
Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practice
Utilizing Different DNA Testing Methods
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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