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Urbanization and Economic Development: A Review of the Literature solution
“Urbanization and Economic Development: A Review of the Literature”
Order ID 53003233773 Type Essay Writer Level Masters Style APA Sources/References 4 Perfect Number of Pages to Order 5-10 Pages Description/Paper Instructions
Urbanization and Economic Development: A Review of the Literature solution
Urbanization and economic development are two interrelated concepts that have been widely studied in the literature. Urbanization refers to the process of increasing the population and physical size of cities and towns, while economic development refers to the process of improving the economic well-being of a society. The relationship between urbanization and economic development has been the subject of much debate among economists, urban planners, and policymakers. This review aims to summarize the existing literature on this topic and highlight some of the key findings.
The literature on urbanization and economic development suggests that there is a strong positive relationship between the two. Cities and towns are considered to be engines of economic growth because they provide a conducive environment for innovation, entrepreneurship, and specialization. The concentration of people, capital, and knowledge in urban areas fosters the creation of new industries, the expansion of existing ones, and the development of economies of scale. This leads to an increase in productivity, wages, and overall economic output.
Moreover, cities and towns provide a market for goods and services, which encourages specialization and trade. The concentration of people in urban areas also enables the provision of public goods and services, such as education, health care, and transportation, which are essential for economic development. Urban areas attract skilled workers, who are essential for the creation and dissemination of knowledge and innovation. Finally, urbanization has been shown to be associated with increased foreign direct investment and international trade.
However, the literature also highlights some potential negative effects of urbanization on economic development. One of the most commonly cited negative effects is the concentration of poverty and inequality in urban areas. Rapid urbanization can lead to the growth of slums and informal settlements, which are often characterized by poor living conditions, lack of access to basic services, and social exclusion. This can lead to social unrest, crime, and political instability, which can have negative effects on economic development.
Moreover, urbanization can lead to environmental degradation, as cities and towns often generate large amounts of waste and pollution. This can lead to negative health effects, which can have economic consequences, such as increased healthcare costs and reduced labor productivity. Finally, urbanization can also lead to the depletion of natural resources, which can have negative long-term economic effects.
In conclusion, the literature suggests that there is a strong positive relationship between urbanization and economic development. Urban areas provide a conducive environment for innovation, entrepreneurship, and specialization, which leads to an increase in productivity, wages, and overall economic output. However, rapid urbanization can also lead to negative effects, such as the concentration of poverty and inequality, environmental degradation, and depletion of natural resources. Policymakers and urban planners need to be aware of these potential negative effects and take steps to mitigate them, while also promoting the positive aspects of urbanization.
RUBRIC
QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50: The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50: The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately. Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50: The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples. The answer is complete. 50 points: The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples. No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points: Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points: Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points: References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated. Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points: Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors. There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points: Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented. APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20: The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors 10 points out 20: The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20: The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points: The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points: Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements. The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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