Reducing Estimating Errors

Reducing Estimating Errors

Description/Paper Instructions

Reducing Estimating Errors

On pages 138 and 139 of Project Management: The Managerial Process, there is information about reducing estimating errors. Review the information contained there. For this discussion, you will use the following six strategies below to minimize errors:

Identify all stakeholders

Involve the stakeholders when creating the estimates

Aggregate the estimate by comparing several models

Manage the project against the estimates

Track projects closely

Track actual costs and times at a granular level

Imagine you are the project manager of the project described in the Medical Informatics case study (provided for your final project). Choose one of the strategies described above, and discuss how you would employ this strategy as the project manager.

Strategic Organizational Behavior Essay

objective:

regarding the ned for this transformation:  increased population of saudi arabia, lack of health care providers, There are significant gaps in the quality of services provided to patients. Much of this is
due to lack of consistent protocols and pathways for treatment.

The health system also needs to support the containment of public expenditure, and the
diversification of the Saudi economy

Create incentives for staff and the system to be more effective, efficient and to
encourage locally generated innovation.

Each student will write and submit an essay that
describes an OB dilemma in your workplace, formulate
questions, and answer them (you can make interviews,
and collect data)

Provide a sport example that illustrates and defines the attribution categories listed.

1. Stability: stable
2. Stability: unstable
3. Locus of causality: internal
4. Locus of causality: external
5. Locus of control: in one’s control
6. Locus of control: out of one’s control

Next:

Helping Lucille Regain Her Soccer Success

Read the following case study and submit a 2-page program for helping Lucille regain her motivation by overcoming her outcome goal orientation.

After several years of training, Lucille has finally received a scholarship offer to play division one soccer. Outcome goals have always been her driving force:be the fastest, toughest, score more goals, and get more assists. Unfortunately, after an All-American high school career, Lucille is having a rough beginning at college. Her shooting and passing accuracy is struggling. To make matters worse, she is struggling a bit with minor injuries, which makes it difficult to maintain consistent playing time.

As Lucille’s frustrations continue to increase, she begins to no longer enjoy practice and even competition. She blames her poor performance on injuries, playing time, field conditions and teammates unwilling to pass the ball. The outcome-goal orientation now seems to produce a lower self-confidence, self-doubt, and less motivation.

Reducing Estimating Errors

RUBRIC QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately.  Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples.  The answer is complete. 50 points:  The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples.  No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points:  Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points:  Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points:  References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated.  Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points:  Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors.  There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points:  Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20:  The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors  10 points out 20:  The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20:  The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points:  The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements.  The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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